PTEN and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: According to TCGA analysis, VHL, PBRM1, BAP1 and SETD2 are the four most frequently somatically mutated genes in human ccRCC, all of which are typically mutated in combination with the loss of chromosome 3p, followed by KDM5C, PTEN, MTOR and TP53 [3].