When comparing primary with metastatic tumors, mutations in known lung cancer driver genes (Supplementary Data File S1) such as TP53, KRAS, FAT1, PTEN, and RB1, as well as homozygous deletions in CDKN2A and RB1, were conserved across all samples in individual patients (Fig. 1; Supplementary Data File S3). This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and lung cancer.