CEBPA and Insulin resistance: The elevated PPARγ and C/EBPα contents suggested that effects of APS on adipocyte differentiation might be mediated through the up-regulation of adipogenic transcription factors, in accordance with previous results that showed that APS attenuates Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) induced insulin resistance via activation of PPARγ in 3T3-L1 adipocytes [23].