In addition, marmesin significantly inhibits the VEGF-A-induced phosphorylation of FAK, Src, ERK, Akt, p70S6K and MEK, and expression of cellular signaling molecules including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), integrin β1 and integrin-linked kinase (ILK), which are closely associated with angiogenesis and cancer progression [51,52]. Here, ILK is linked to cancer.