Interleukin 6 (IL6) stimulates the activation of STAT3 and increases collagen mRNA expression in HSCs, thus accelerating liver fibrosis via Stat3 phosphorylation that in turn activates transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling cascade through SMAD3 activation [21]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.