VEGFA and dementia: For the axon guidance pathway, it has been reported of relevant gene expression impairment of the axon guidance pathway and its downstream pathway (including MAPK pathway, calcium signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway) in the brain tissues of the patients with HIV-associated dementia, which provided new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of HIV-associated dementia (Zhou et al., 2012).