There was also evidence revealed that blocking IL-17 can reduce the cognitive impairment caused by surgical trauma-induced inflammation via regulation of TGF-β/Smad pathway and the expression of Aβ1–42 [36], suggesting that anti-IL-17A treatment can significantly alleviate the cognitive function of aged rats anesthetized with sevoflurane. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is Cognitive impairment.