Compared with the sepsis group, the expression of NF-κB and HIF-1α mRNA and protein in ileal tissues were found to be significantly increased, while IκB, ZO-1 and Occludin mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in the miR-31 mimic group and the siRNA-HMOX1 group (all p < 0.05). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is Sepsis.