Furthermore, consistent with the genetic perturbation, pharmacological inhibition of SGK1 with 1 μm GSK650394A similarly blocked the effect of progesterone on breast cancer cell migration and cell invasion, suggesting an essential role of the SGK1/NDRG1 axis downstream to progesterone in breast cancer cells independent of their hormonal receptor status (Fig. 6). This evidence concerns the gene NDRG1 and breast carcinoma.