In muscle damage mediated by idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, myoblast-derived IL15 induced the differentiation of naive CD8+ T cells into highly activated and cytotoxic NKG2DhighCD8+ T cells, which promoted myoblast damage through NKG2D-dependent lysis induced by MHC class I chain-related molecules (MICA and MICB) (37). The gene discussed is IL15; the disease is idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.