ADIPOQ and Insulin resistance: Particularly, adiponectin can alleviate insulin resistance by stimulating the cellular glucose uptake and organ/circulating fatty acid oxidation via activation of key proteins, including adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) (Yamauchi et al., 2001, 2002; Tschritter et al., 2003; Kadowaki et al., 2006).