In our study, HOE642 treatment inhibited stimulation of M2 phenotypes of TAMs by reducing protumoral CD206+ TAMs in both resident microglia TAMs and peripheral TAMs (p < 0.05, Fig. 5), and increasing the ratio of M1/M2 TAMs (CD16/32+/CD206+ or CD86+/YM1+) in gliomas (p = 0.09 and p = 0.07, respectively; Additional file 1: Figure S12). Here, MRC1 is linked to glioma.