With the knowledge that PCSK9 is involved in elevated cholesterol levels both physiologically and pathologically, monoclonal antibodies and selective inhibitors, such as alirocumab (against PCSK9), have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis by halting the progression of cardiovascular disease [101]. The gene discussed is PCSK9; the disease is familial hypercholesterolemia.