INS and Insulin resistance: Using HOMA to investigate the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia in critically illpatients (β-cell dysfunction and/or insulin resistance) revealed that 26(43.3%) critically ill children had low β-cell function (HOMA-%B < 50%),and 18 (30%) critically ill children had low insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S < 50%).Two children had both β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance (3.3%).