GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: As shown in Figures 5B,C, the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in the cocultures of PD-1 deficient GPC3-CAR T cells and GPC3-positive HCC cells (PLC/PRF/5 and SK-HEP-1/GPC3) was significantly higher than those in the coculture of wild-type GPC3-CAR T cells and GPC3-positive HCC cells, but PD-1 deficient GPC3-CAR T cells similar to UTD and wild-type GPC3-CAR T cells produced little or even negligible cytokines in the coculture with GPC3-negative SK-HEP-1, indicating that cytokines production by the GPC3-CAR T was CAR-dependent and enhanced by the disruption of PD-1.