Manual review of the results showed that only one of the seven associations with I2 > 40%, the GDF15 rs17724992 association with high blood pressure, was less significant in the meta-analysis than in the individual cohorts (P23andMe = 6.4 × 10−10, OR23andMe = 0.96; PGplc/UK Biobank = 0.58, ORGplc/UK Biobank = 0.99; Pmeta = 7.6 × 10−9, ORmeta = 0.97) (Supplementary Fig. 5B). Here, GDF15 is linked to hypertensive disorder.