Hypercholesterolemia develops in the diabetic state because insulin has an inhibitory action on β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase, a key rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the metabolism of cholesterol-rich LDL particles (Murali et al., 2002). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hypercholesterolemia.