Conversely, lack of proper knowledge has left the BRCA1/2 mutation non-carriers’ genetic counseling largely unattended, although these non-carriers with strong family history show similar clinical presentations predictive of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (“BRCAX” cases), with four-fold or greater lifetime risk of breast cancer than the general population17,18. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and breast carcinoma.