Also, other genetic alterations that entail aberrant activation of signal transduction pathways, including BCR-ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia and FLT3/ITD in AML, are associated with elevated ROS formation in hematopoietic cells [19, 55], and enhanced levels of intracellular ROS have been proposed to enhance double-stranded DNA breaks and genomic instability to propagate leukemia also in these myeloid malignancies [20, 21]. This evidence concerns the gene ABL1 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.