TGFβ is also known to be expressed by patient myeloma cells,33, 34 is upregulated in sera from some monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients,35 and is associated with immunoparesis in myeloma patients at various stages of the disease.36 It has also been shown to be overexpressed by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) from myeloma patients34 and is liberated from bone mineral matrix undergoing resorption. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is plasma cell myeloma.