EGR1 can be upregulated upon viral infection by Epstein-Barr virus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), VEEV, EV71, rabies viruses and Japanese encephalitis virus infections (Saha and Rangarajan, 2003; Cai et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2013; Song et al., 2015; Baer et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene EGR1 and viral infectious disease.