Myc, an oncoprotein that is frequently genetically amplified or whose transcriptional regulation is aberrant, potently activates protein synthesis via eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F), the key regulator of the mRNA–ribosome recruitment phase of translation initiation.39 Indeed, in multiple myeloma cells, Myc has been shown to critically regulate aggresome/autophagosome formation and apoptosis in response to bortezomib and SAHA.40 Recently, Belounis et al.21 showed that autophagy is present in neuroblastoma cells, induced by chemotherapy and associated with chemoresistance. The gene discussed is MYC; the disease is plasma cell myeloma.