Humanin, the first characterized MDP, and its analogs have been shown to have therapeutic potential in in vitro and in vivo models of numerous diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis5,8,12–17. Here, MT-RNR2 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.