TNF and viral infectious disease: Among those genes, 40.9% were involved in antiviral defence (Supplementary Data 3), encoding elements of the RLR/STING (e.g., RIG-1, IRF and cGAS) and JAK/STAT (e.g., STAT and SOCS2) pathways, antiviral effectors (e.g., IFI44, Viperin and SAMHD-1) and proteins involved in the apoptosis (e.g., TNF and caspase-3) and maintenance of cellular homoeostasis under viral infection (e.g., poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase).