For instance, administration of rapamycin by daily i.p. injections led to a remarkable prolongation of the lifespan, delay of the neurological derangement, and reduction of neuroinflammation in Ndufs4−/− mice, a model of severe complex I deficiency (Johnson et al, 2013). Here, NDUFS4 is linked to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.