Previous studies have demonstrated that the diagnosis of clinical AKI is delayed by at least 24-48 hours compared to diagnosis of the condition identified by using novel renal biomarkers of tubular injury, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) [9, 10] and cystatin C (CysC) [10, 11]. The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is acute kidney injury.