Our results showed that the IAV infection reduced phosphorylation of Akt at both Thr 308 and Ser 473, which might lead to dephosphorylation of mTOR at Ser 2448, at 24 hrs in particular, and upregulation of autophagy with increased LC3II/LC3-I ratios at 24 hrs post infection as shown in Fig 7A. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and infection.