SHANK3 and premenstrual tension: While a large body of data indicates that haploinsufficiency of SHANK3 is the key contributor for the neurobehavioral manifestations of PMS, it can be caused by a variety of genetic rearrangements including unbalanced translocations, ring chromosome 22, terminal deletions (ranging from deletions of just SHANK3 to large deletions of up to 9 Mb), and interstitial deletions or point mutation within the SHANK3 gene (Durand et al., 2007; Moessner et al., 2007; Sykes et al., 2009; Bonaglia et al., 2011; Phelan and McDermid, 2012; Soorya et al., 2013; Leblond et al., 2014; De Rubeis et al., 2018).