GJA1 and atrial fibrillation: Indeed, Cx43 dysfunction is a common mechanism for electrical disorders encountered in a variety of cardiovascular diseases including myocardial ischemia, cardiomyopathies, cardiac hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, etc.3–5, in addition to HF, and improving cardiac gap junction communication has been considered a new antiarrhythmic mechanism2,18–20.