In summary, the results of the present study demonstrate that G211 mutation in the UGT1A1 gene, ABO incompatibility, G6PD deficiency, and the SS genotype of the (GT)n repeats in the promoter region of the HO-1 gene are risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Fujian, Southeastern China, which provides insights into the elucidation of the contribution of genetic factors to pathogenesis of hyperbilirubinemia and the management of hyperbilirubinemia. The gene discussed is UGT1A1; the disease is Hyperbilirubinemia.