In addition to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and ABO incompatibility, the associations of genetic polymorphisms in the three bilirubin metabolism genes, including UGT1A1, OATP1B1, and HO-1, with the susceptibility to hyperbilirubinemia, have been extensively examined [13–16]; however, the associations of the polymorphisms in the same gene locus with the development of hyperbilirubinemia vary in the study areas and populations [17–20]. The gene discussed is UGT1A1; the disease is Hyperbilirubinemia.