HMOX1 and Hyperbilirubinemia: In a prospective case-control study to assess the association between HO-1 gene variants and hyperbilirubinemia risk in Indian newborns, the incidence of short (GT)n allele (≤ 20) was three times higher in hyperbilirubinemic neonates than in controls, and short (GT)n repeats of HO-1 gene were identified as an independent risk factor for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (OR = 4.4, 95% CI = 1.2–16.8) [14].