TRAF6 and breast cancer: Consistent with the genetic alterations (mainly amplification and mutation) and frequent overexpression of TRAF6 detected in human epithelial cancers such as breast cancer and uterine cancer (Figure 1A) (229–233), deletion of TRAF6 in mice results in loss of NF-κB activity in epithelia and vasculature during mouse development (Table 2) (78).