LEP and anemia (phenotype): Consistently with this evidence we found an association between anemia and leptin, which is one of the main marker of the nutritional and metabolic status (Abella et al., 2017), and inversely related to the level of proinflammatory cytokines and stage in cancer patients (Mantovani et al., 2000, 2001; Macciò et al., 2009).