In this case-control study, 60 patients with in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplas-mic sperm injection (ICSI) indication were subdivided into 3 groups as follow: 20 subjects were assigned tocontrol (fertile women with male infertility history) group, 20 subjects with PCOS were insulin resistant (IR)and 20 subjects with PCOS were insulin sensitive (IS). This evidence concerns the gene INS and male infertility.