ASXL1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Actually, detection of a TP53, EZH2, RUNX1, ASXL1, or ETV6 mutation predicts rapid disease progression and may direct treatment choices in all MDS subgroups, also in the context of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) [1–3], which to date remains the only curative option for higher-risk MDS (HR-MDS).