EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In recent years, treatment advances against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with driver mutations in genes, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), have revealed that patients with driver mutations show greater responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) compared to chemotherapy.[1] Among EGFR-positive NSCLC patients, treatment with EGFR-TKIs showed significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) compared to platinum doublet therapy.[2–5]