ADCY1 and neoplasm: Other cells can also produce PDGF, such as macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, myoblasts, glioma cells, and glioblastoma, and other tumor cell lines after appropriate stimulation.[19] PDGF can induce cells to do something like synthesis of DNA, activation of tyrosine kinases, upregulation of arachidonic acid, PGI2 and PGE3 release, activation of adenylate cyclase, activation of serine–threonine kinase, induction of gene transcription, and alter cell surface activity.