In this study, the non-targeted high-precision serum proteomics analysis of a cross-sectional discovery cohort with bioinformatics interpretation, literature research and biostatistical assessment, identified a novel sexually dimorphic correlation of IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 with vitamin D status in non-diabetic males and females with obesity (Fig. 4a). This evidence concerns the gene IGFBP3 and Obesity.