Other similarities between LEC stimulations and HUVEC stimulations include the following: the stimulated T cells remained largely un-activated (Fig. 2 and Fig. 4b) and showed slower infection kinetics than infection in activated T cells (Fig. 1a); among EC-stimulated T cells, memory T cells were preferentially infected, even though naïve T cells also had increased infection rates compared with un-stimulated T cells (Fig. 3a); and IL-6 is involved in the interaction between T cells and endothelial cells (Fig. 5a). Here, IL6 is linked to infection.