The presented study provides important insights on the health properties of Prunus persica fruit growing in Poland related to their polyphenol and carotenoid profiles, antioxidant capacity and in vitro potential to inhibit enzymes relevant to hyperglycemia (α-amylase, α-glucosidase) and obesity (pancreatic lipase) management. Here, PNLIP is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.