TFAP2A and Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome: TFAP2 is a member of the AP‐2 family of transcription factors, which play important roles in apoptosis, migration, and differentiation.48 Mutations in TFAP2A lead to branchio‐oculo‐facial syndrome, which is a cleft palate‐craniofacial disorder.49 TFAP2 knockout mice have severe skeletal defects and abnormalities of face and limbs, and studies demonstrate the main function of TFAP2 is suppression of terminal differentiation during embryonic development.50, 51 This implicates TFAP2 as playing a role in skeletal biology.