For example, PPAR agonists can be anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and caridoprotective (Staels et al., 2013; Youssef and Badr, 2004; Lee and Kim, 2015), but they can also lead to edema, weight gain, and hepatocellular and bladder carcinoma, to name a few (Turner et al., 2014) (Wright et al., 2014). The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.