One lacks specific genes, such as melanocortin 4 receptor (Mc4r), in which high-fat diet (HFD) feeding induces the development of autonomous NASH-associated HCC.(15) The other is a widely used model that uses carcinogens, such as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) plus HFD feeding, to induce HCC development in NASH.(16) In the same manner, long-term feeding of mice with HFD can promote the development of HCC in NASH. The gene discussed is MC4R; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.