ADIPOQ and chronic kidney disease: It was previously reported that acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 levels, which are downstream effectors of adiponectin, were lower although the tissue levels of the adiponectin receptor 1 were higher in CKD patients, indicating the development of adiponectin resistance in CKD after receptor activation following the phosphorylation of 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase9.