PKM and neoplasm: Recently, our group reported that the hnRNP family protein PTBP1, which is one of the splicers of PKM, is overexpressed in clinical tumor samples and is regulated by several onco-related genes, such as c-myc and klf-4, as well as by microRNA (miRs) -124, -143, -145, -1, and -133b in colorectal cancer [18,19,20], gastric cancer [21], and bladder cancer [22,23].