A recent study showed that 2 to 19% of glioma cells express the interleukin-17 receptor (IL-17R), with a remarkable coexpression with other cancer stem cell markers, such as CD133, Nestin, and Sox-2; IL-17 was able to enhance the self-renewal of glioma stem cells and induced the secretion of various chemokines and cytokines by these cells [290]. Here, NES is linked to central nervous system cancer.