LPL and familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency: Some classic examples of these monogenic conditions include Tangier disease (resulting in severely low HDL), LDL receptor deficiency (characterized by elevated LDL concentrations), familial chylomicronemia or lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency (causes severe hypertriglyceridemia) and other familial hypercholesterolemias [11,12,13].