Several studies have pointed out that cystatin C shows a stronger association to creatinine in the occurrence of cardiovascular events and mortality [37,38], because cystatin C is involved in protein catabolism, inhibiting elastolytic proteases, which are increased in degenerative and inflammatory processes, such as atherosclerosis, which may work as a direct marker of the atherogenic process [39]. Here, CST3 is linked to atherosclerosis.