To date, NLRP3 inflammasome research has focused on the pathogenesis of a number of complex conditions, notably autoinflammation and autoimmune disease, that can be treated with the NLRP3-inhibitor MCC950 or the caspase-1 inhibitor Ac-YVAD-CMK [24–26]. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is autoimmune disease.