In this manner, they strongly inhibit effector T cells that rely on aerobic glycolysis to exert their cytotoxic functions.88,89 Interestingly, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment restores glucose levels within the tumor environment, suggesting that these immune checkpoint inhibitors regulate glucose metabolism in cancer cells. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and cancer.