Based on our ANT study, and the critical role of NF-κB activation in the initiation of oral mucositis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of ANT-rich extract found in Oryza sativa L. on oral wound healing, using an experimental rat model of 5-FU-induced mucositis, as well as attempting to elucidate possible transcription factor mechanisms. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is oral mucositis.